🌟 Grammar Lesson: Conditionals (If Clauses)

Conditionals are sentences that talk about possibilities, facts, or imaginary situations. They usually have two parts:

1. If-clause (condition)

2. Main clause (result)

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1️⃣ Zero Conditional – Facts & General Truths

Form: If + present simple, present simple
✅ Example: If you heat water, it boils.

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2️⃣ First Conditional – Real Future Possibility

Form: If + present simple, will + verb
✅ Example: If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.

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3️⃣ Second Conditional – Imaginary / Unreal Present or Future

Form: If + past simple, would + verb
✅ Example: If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.

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4️⃣ Third Conditional – Unreal Past

Form: If + past perfect, would have + past participle
✅ Example: If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.

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📝 Practice Exercises

A. Fill in the blanks

1. If it ______ (rain), the grass gets wet.

2. If I see her, I ______ (tell) her the news.

3. If I ______ (be) you, I would study harder.

4. If they had left earlier, they ______ (catch) the train.

5. If you eat too much sugar, you ______ (get) sick.

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B. Correct the mistakes

1. If I will go to Paris, I visit the Eiffel Tower.

2. If he studied, he would have passed the test.

3. If you would help me, I can finish faster.

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C. Write your own examples

• Write 1 zero conditional sentence.

• Write 1 second conditional sentence.

• Write 1 third conditional sentence.

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✅ Answers

A.

1. rains

2. will tell

3. were

4. would have caught

5. will get

B.

1. ❌ If I will go → ✅ If I go to Paris, I will visit the Eiffel Tower.

2. ❌ studied → ✅ If he had studied, he would have passed the test.

3. ❌ If you would help → ✅ If you help me, I can finish faster.

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💡 Tip for Readers: Remember, conditionals are about cause and effect. Mastering them will make your English more natural!

📝 Conditional Sentences – Practice Questions

Part A – Fill in the blanks (10 questions)

1. If the sun ______ (shine), we will go to the park.

2. If she ______ (be) taller, she would play basketball.

3. If I had known the answer, I ______ (tell) you.

4. If water reaches 100°C, it ______ (boil).

5. If he studies hard, he ______ (pass) the exam.

6. If they had left earlier, they ______ (arrive) on time.

7. If you eat too much, you ______ (feel) sick.

8. If I ______ (be) you, I would not do that.

9. If she calls me, I ______ (answer) quickly.

10. If they had listened to me, they ______ (not fail).

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Part B – Choose the correct answer (5 questions)

11. If it rains tomorrow, we (will/would) stay inside.

12. If I (was/were) rich, I would travel the world.

13. If she (had studied/studies), she would have passed.

14. If you mix red and blue, you (get/got) purple.

15. If I had seen him, I (will have told/would have told) you.

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Part C – Correct the mistakes (5 questions)

16. If I will go to London, I see Big Ben.

17. If she had money, she will buy a car.

18. If they studied harder, they pass the test.

19. If it would rain, the ground gets wet.

20. If he had helped me, I would help him.

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✅ Answers

Part A

1. shines

2. were

3. would have told

4. boils

5. will pass

6. would have arrived

7. will feel

8. were

9. will answer

10. would not have failed

Part B
11. will
12. were
13. had studied
14. get
15. would have told

Part C
16. ❌ If I will go → ✅ If I go to London, I will see Big Ben.
17. ❌ she will buy → ✅ she would buy
18. ❌ they pass → ✅ they would pass
19. ❌ If it would rain → ✅ If it rains
20. ❌ I would help → ✅ I would have helped