🌟 Grammar Lesson: Relative Clauses (Who, Which, That, Whose, Whom)

Relative clauses give extra information about a noun. They begin with a relative pronoun.

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1️⃣ Defining Relative Clauses (necessary information)

• The boy who is wearing a red shirt is my brother.

• This is the book that I bought yesterday.

👉 Without the clause, the sentence changes meaning.

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2️⃣ Non-Defining Relative Clauses (extra information)

• My teacher, who is very kind, helps me a lot.

• Paris, which is the capital of France, is very beautiful.

👉 The information is extra; the sentence is still complete without it.
👉 Always use commas for non-defining clauses.

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3️⃣ Relative Pronouns – Quick Guide

• who → people (The man who lives next door is a doctor.)

• whom → object (formal) (The woman whom I met is an artist.)

• whose → possession (That’s the boy whose father is a teacher.)

• which → things/animals (This is the car which I want to buy.)

• that → people/things (common in defining clauses)

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📝 Practice Exercises (20 Questions)

Part A – Fill in the blanks (10 questions)

1. The man ______ lives next door is very friendly.

2. This is the book ______ I borrowed from the library.

3. She is the teacher ______ students love her.

4. The boy ______ I saw yesterday is my cousin.

5. The girl, ______ is very clever, won the prize.

6. That’s the man ______ car was stolen.

7. I know someone ______ can speak six languages.

8. This is the place ______ we met last year.

9. The dog ______ is barking belongs to my neighbor.

10. He is the person to ______ I gave the money.

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Part B – Correct the mistakes (5 questions)

11. The man which lives there is a teacher.

12. That is the girl whom cat is very cute.

13. I met a boy, that was very tall.

14. This is the house who was built last year.

15. The book, that I bought yesterday, is interesting.

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Part C – Make sentences (5 questions)

16. (student / study hard) → Write a sentence with who.

17. (car / expensive) → Write a sentence with which.

18. (girl / father is a doctor) → Write a sentence with whose.

19. (place / visited last summer) → Write a sentence with that.

20. (friend / I met yesterday) → Write a sentence with whom.

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✅ Answers

Part A

1. who

2. that/which

3. whose

4. whom/that

5. who

6. whose

7. who

8. where (✔️ advanced learners may also use "that")

9. that/which

10. whom

Part B
11. ❌ which → ✅ who
12. ❌ whom → ✅ whose
13. ❌ that → ✅ who
14. ❌ who → ✅ which/that
15. ❌ that → ✅ which

Part C (example answers)
16. The student who studies hard will succeed.
17. This is the car which is very expensive.
18. She is the girl whose father is a doctor.
19. That is the place that we visited last summer.
20. He is the friend whom I met yesterday.